托福阅读素材:Chaco Road
2017-09-20编辑: 环球教育整理来自: 环球教育
很多考生会抱怨托福阅读时间不够,还没完全理解文章就做题,正确率不高。其实这是我们对托福阅读素材不熟悉造成的,下面小编整理了一下托福阅读考试最新的素材,希望能帮助大家更加快速高效的备考托福。
托福阅读素材:Chaco Road
讲的是美国有一个地方的道路有神秘性,平时没有动物或者推车之类的经过这个地方。对于这个地方有两种不同说法。一是这条路还是目的在于交通和运输,另一个说法是除了交通运输的作用,这条道路可能也有着某些宗教性用途,论证的过程中有图片作为证据。
参考阅读:
One of the most fascinating and intriguing aspects of Chaco Canyon is the Chaco Road, a system of roads radiating out from many Anasazi Great House sites such as Pueblo Bonito, Chetro Ketl and Una Vida, and leading towards small outlier sites and natural features within and beyond the canyon limits.
Through satellite images and ground investigations, archaeologists have detected at least eight main roads that together run for more than 180 miles (ca 300 kilometers), and are more than 30 feet (10 meters) wide.
These were excavated into a smooth leveled surface in the bedrock or created through the removal of vegetation and soil. The Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) residents of Chaco Canyon cut large ramps and stairways into the cliff rock to connect the roadways on the ridgetops of the canyon to the sites on the valley bottoms.
The largest roads, constructed at the same time as many of the Great Houses (Pueblo II phase between AD 1000 and 1125), are: the Great North Road, the South Road, the Coyote Canyon Road, the Chacra Face Road, Ahshislepah Road, Mexican Springs Road, the West Road and the shorter Pintado-Chaco Road. Simple structures like berms and walls are found sometimes aligned along the courses of the roads. Also, some tracts of the roads lead to natural features such as springs, lakes, mountain tops and pinnacles.
The Great North Road
The longest and most famous of these roads is the Great North Road. The Great North Road originates from different routes close to Pueblo Bonito and Chetro Ketl. These roads converge at Pueblo Alto and from there lead north beyond the Canyon limits.
There are no communities along the road's course, apart from small, isolated structures.
The Great North Road does not connect Chacoan communities to other major centers outside the canyon. Also, material evidence of trade along the road is scarce. From a purely functional perspective, the road seems to go nowhere.
Purposes of the Chaco Road
Archaeological interpretations of the Chaco road system are divided between an economic purpose and a symbolic, ideological role linked to ancestral Puebloan beliefs.
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