在托福写作部分，时态的使用是非常关键的，决定着整个文章的好坏，而我们经常会使用的时态有哪些呢?

　　一.一般现在时和现在进行时

　　1.表达现在的动作和状态(主要是指现在的一个状态和现实特点)

　　Marian is a famous black singer.

　　Peter tries to cook Chinese food.

　　2.表示现在习惯的动作行为(长期进行的动作)

　　The class usually begins at 10’ clock in the morning.

　　3.不变的真理和事实(主要是指一些客观，亘古不变的事情)

　　The sun sets in the west.

　　4.代替将来时

　　We start for England next money.

　　Let us have a walk after the supper.

　　二.现在进行时的用法

　　1.表示现在正在进行的动作

　　They are planning a surprise party for David’s birthday.

　　2.代替将来时

　　She is going to swim with her classmates after school.

　　3.常与(always, often)时间副词连用，表示反复或习惯的动作。

　　He is always reading a novel by listening to paint music.

　　一般现在时和现在进行时的语用比较

　　1.一般现在时不用在表示发生于现在这一刻的动作或状态，若要表示发生于 现在一刻的动作或状态，要用现在进行时。

　　2.一般现在时在特殊情况下，可与现在进行时一样表示瞬时的动作。

　　三.一般过去时的用法

　　1一般过去时表示过去的动作和状态

　　I. watched a volleyball game with my family last Tuesday.

　　2.过去的习惯动作，常与always, usually 等连用

　　Lucy always borrowed foreign language book from the library.

　　3.为保持时态一致而用动词过去时

　　They said that some of tasks were too different for the students.

　　四.现在完成时用法

　　1.表示现在刚完成的动作，常与(yet, already, just, now)等副词连用

　　Have you finished your essay yet? Yes, I have just done with that.

　　2.表示过去某时到现在的经验，常与(ever, never, before, once)等副词连用

　　He has never been treated like this in his life.

　　He has gone to India. ( 表完成)

　　He has been in Thailand. (表经验)

　　3.表示过去持续到现在的动作和状态，常用for, since等副词表示持续的一段时间

　　I have known this family for many years.

　　They have prepared for this show since last semester.

　　4.由when, if, after, till, as soon as等引导的状语从句中，以现在完成代替将来完成

　　I will read that book when I have finished my preparation for speech.

　　Shall we have a trip as soon as we have arrived at that small village?

　　一般过去时和现在完成时的比较用法

　　一般过去时指发生在过去的独 立动作和状态，和现在毫无关系，而现在完成时是指发生在过去，同时延续到现在的动作和状态。

　　I did not look at the paper this morning.(已过了早晨)

　　I have not looked at the paper this morning.(仍在早晨)

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